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    October 26

    京城闲谈

     

    中国近现代史的三个重要城市:南京、北京、沈阳,见证了从明初至今的无数重大事件。

    朱元璋在金陵建都,其后代内讧而迁都北京,守业不善,被北方盛京兴起的势力所灭。为怀柔汉人,清当政者南下北京,重新建庙,将中央集权和腐儒思想发挥到极致。当慈禧将海军军费挪用而修建颐和园时,政权已经走到了尽头。而后的几十年,中国的最高权力机构又回到金陵——南京,甚至推选出临时大总统和国民政府总统等等。当闹剧暂告一个段落时,六百多年已过去,世人发现,北京又承载起新的权力中心。

    当年的朱皇帝已经归于孝陵,昔日的战火让陵园破败不堪。记得很早过来的时候,是个很不起眼的去处,后来经重新修缮,亦焕然一新。明孝陵继承和发扬了帝王陵园的建制,成为明清王陵的起始点。

    清皇太极在盛京登基,可惜不长寿,暴毙于故宫东暖阁。这里的故宫是指现沈阳故宫,其葬于清昭陵。在去过的多个明清帝陵中,算是修缮得很好的,参观时可以对帝陵的规制有个完整的认识。

    尽管颐和园的修建不够光彩,但是其作为文化遗产,仍令人感慨于其园艺成就。夕阳西下,百鸟归巢,湖畔柳影,令游人驻足。

    当总统府重新迁回南京时,孙文的“天下为公”成为治国之宗旨。可惜他也没活多久,天下大乱,虽然总统还在这里办公,但不久又只能去了台湾。“胜者”为王,都60大庆了!

    “九万里舆图归属民权山河革旧,数千年历史废除帝制岁月鼎新”,当年“孰胜孰负”,留待后人评述。

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